6 Things Your Church Needs To Know About Gen Z

Speaker 0 00:00:00 In today's episode, we discussed six things. Your church needs to know about gen Z, gen Z are already busy making their Mark on the world, but does your church understand them? And what they're looking for in a church growing your church long-term means working to engage each new generation. If you're missing out on these members, take the time to better understand generation Z. We hope this episode helps you reach people the right way. Speaker 1 00:00:37 You're listening to the reach, right podcast, the show dedicated to helping pastors and church leaders reach people the right way, hosted by me, Thomas Costello. And with me as always is my cohost Ian Hyatt. We're here to help your church see more visitors and grow <inaudible>. Hey guys, welcome Speaker 0 00:01:05 To the retried podcast episode number 22. I am your host Thomas Costello. And with me as always is my cohost. He and Hyatt. What's up. Hey, what's up Ian? How you doing, man? I am doing well doing well. Happy December. We are almost at the end of 2020, I guess. That's good news for life people. Maybe. Yeah. We're we're ready for that end to 2020, I guess. I don't know. I'm not someone that gets caught up in that, but I will say that there was a lot of people with some false prophecies going on when we're going into 2020 about what a great year it was going to be and how much clarity was going to be happening for us. I think that vision, that's not so much. I heard that from South ed from several churches and, you know, God can give that vision even in an unclear world, but, uh, but I don't know. Speaker 0 00:01:52 Uh, I'm not sure about a lot of those. That is true. So well, we got a good topic today. I think we're going to be talking about six things your church needs to know about generation Z. Uh, I think there's a lot that's been made of gen Z and well, I don't know, I've been in ministry long enough to, to know that there was a time where I'm a gen X-er at the very tail end of gen X. I know you are too. Yup. Uh, so, um, but I, I remember going to conferences where they were trying to target the young people and that was the gen X. I went to a conference called Magenic change once and it was all gen X themed. Everything was all grungy and it was, uh, understand. And then the millennials came and, uh, I think that, you know, we had all kinds of things were geared toward how we're going to reach millennials. Speaker 0 00:02:37 And now millennials are, um, in there they're about to turn 40 some of them. So, uh, millennials are getting up there and now I think we need to be really focused on generation Z. Uh, gen Z is older than most people think. I think people miss that, I was reading just the other day that gen Z is people that were born between 19 six and 2012. Uh, so that encompasses all of my kids as well as people that are entering the workforce and in college. And they are adults now, gen Z are, uh, is made up of adults, which is kind of crazy to think of. Right. Speaker 2 00:03:17 It's very crazy. Yeah. But it's a healthy thing to, I think a lot of people we were talking earlier today, just how everyone just lumps, anything past gen X into millennials and that's not accurate anymore. So like you said, millennials are getting older now. So, uh, we need to be educated on gen Z. Speaker 0 00:03:36 Millennials are your young families now gen X-ers or, you know, hate to say it, but we're, middle-aged Speaker 2 00:03:42 Those of us on the tail end of being gen X are still kind of right there. Most of my friends are millennials and they make me feel younger. And I still would say, we're a younger family, but you're right. Technically we're kind of not. Speaker 0 00:03:55 Yeah. So families are gen or are millennials and the young ones are now gen Z. And so, uh, they are different man, gen Z are, are different from what millennials look like. And I, uh, I know for a lot of us gen X-ers and maybe boomers that are in our audience, they weren't even adjusted to gen X or millennials yet, but gen Z is a whole different world. And so we have six things that I think are super important for churches to consider when you're, uh, looking at how you do ministry and how, how do we need to differently reach, uh, people that are in this next generation because they, uh, they grew up differently from you. And I, I would say, uh, and there's a lot of changes. So let's kind of dig in, I guess, that we have a bunch of stats to share with people too, but the first one I'll tackle it. Speaker 0 00:04:40 It's generation Z like no other generation social media impacts their lives. Uh, it is a huge, huge part of everything. I do. I want to share some stats with our audience here that, uh, we, we did a blog post on this and we'll link that in the notes to this episode, there's a blog post on this same topic, if you want to read through some of these stats, but, uh, here's some stats on this gen Z. They use social media for nearly three hours, daily, three hours, every single day is how much time gen Z are spend on social media, which is it's mind boggling. I mean, I already feel like I spend too much time on social media. I know I struggle with that. Like, you know, I kind of get caught up and you ever done this thing where like, you'd get, like, you're kind of sick of looking at Facebook or Twitter, so you close Facebook or Twitter on your phone and then your mind just like opens up Facebook again. Speaker 2 00:05:32 I'd got to scroll through it. I've done that so many times. Yeah. And then it confirmed why I got off of it. Speaker 0 00:05:38 Exactly. Right. Yeah. So, uh, so th three hours a day, I can't even imagine. I probably, if I had to ballpark it, I'd probably with Twitter and stuff. I probably spent maybe an hour a day thumbing through that stuff. And I I'm embarrassed by that. But three hours a day is incredible. Uh, 55% of them feel social media helps them better express themselves creatively. I thought it was really profound to think that so many of them think that's their creative outlet, more than half it's on social media. That's a trip 54% say social media influences their decisions more than other online channels. So they're more influenced by what you're saying. Your church might be saying on Facebook or on Facebook, they're gen Z. They're more influenced by what you say on Tik TOK or Snapchat or Instagram, Instagram than they are. What you say on your website like that. Speaker 0 00:06:29 That's the main place of influence for them as a trip. I think over 76% follow, uh, follow at least one social media influencer. That's one of those titles. That's a new job description is to be an influencer. So it's nice, nice work. If you can get it. And that's good stuff, but 43% of gen Z teens. So this is the younger half of gen Z. Uh, they feel they should only post content that makes them look good to their followers. Uh, so, uh, it's uh, eyeopening and that's so much time is spent on posting your best version of yourself. Uh, 81% feel social media helps them connect and 45% believe that there's still too much drama on social media. Oh my goodness. I think we can all agree with that, but here's the bottom line is that, uh, that this is the, uh, this is the new sleepover, right? Social media is the new thing that when you and I were kids, Ian, I was we'd hang out, we'd go for rides. You sleep overs. You talk on the phone. All of that is now social media. That's where it takes place. And this is something that is, uh, that is a place we need to, we need to be actively engaging people in order to reach them. Do you have any thoughts on that? Speaker 2 00:07:43 Yeah, I know. I totally agree. As a matter of fact, when you were going through all of those stats, it was making me think back to my childhood of playing with like He-Man dolls and GI Joe, and then going outside and building dirt mounds and playing army guys and riding my bike. And, and a lot of the kiddos still do this now, but, but you're right. You know, and then I started thinking about my kiddos, you know, that, that, uh, and they're all there. They're gen Z ears as well. They're lumped into this, uh, screens, uh, you know, I mean, social media has even impacted them and you know, they're in front of a screen more, which we're going to talk more about, but, um, you know, my daughter Tik talks and now we're very careful. Uh, we're very careful there. And as a Christian family, we make sure we monitor the activities and what's viewed there, but it's, yeah, it's a totally different world for them. Speaker 0 00:08:32 I think one of the mistakes that churches tend to make with this is that we tend to, um, like I'm not here to say that this is, this is healthy. Like, so three hours a day on social media and I'm not here making the argument that it's healthy, but I think that it's either realize that it's reality. Yeah. And that's where kids actually are. And so, yeah, maybe there's a battle out there to help people get off of that and the dependence on social media. But I think there's also an equally important part of this is that churches, we need to help people figure out how to reach them there and then how to navigate these things in healthy ways. You know, I think that it's, you know, what, what are you doing? What are you doing with those three hours? How could they be spent? Speaker 0 00:09:13 How could they be productive online, right. How can you productively use social media? There is, there's great things about social media. I'm not saying that every one of those minutes of those three hours are bad. I'm not saying they're all constructive either, but yeah. I think just helping our church members think through healthy social media practices. Um, you know, when we talk about some of those things about content that makes them look good, the drama that comes on social media, I mean, I think every, this is crazy, but like every church in this country that has young people in it, they have people struggling with this there's issues of, um, you know, people like inappropriate things that are getting posted like of a sexual nature on social media channels. Now all the bullying that takes place on these kinds of channels, all of these things have moved online. So I think church has really can be a, a great voice in helping young people navigate this kind of stuff. So these pastors get this. Speaker 2 00:10:08 Yeah. And that's what I was about to say too, is just that there's arguments on both sides, right? I mean, in my mind, I think, you know, three hours a day is way too much, you know? And, and, and, you know, even if I were to limit my kiddos or a parent's going to limit their teen or their, uh, you know, as far as the, which I think is good, it's healthy for us to obviously, you know, as the Bible says everything in moderation, right. But the hours that they do spend there and we can't keep them from this, right. Most of them are going to be there. You're exactly right. If it's a reality, we let's, let's seize the moment and take the opportunity to, to influence them there. If, if, like you said that if 81% of them feels like it helps them connect well, let's help them connect to Jesus. They're in the church. And as far as the UN influential stat, I mean, let's influence them for pause. Let's not just resist it and say, Oh, they don't need to be there at all, or that's, you know, blow it off. So yeah. I agree with you on that. Yeah. Speaker 0 00:11:02 That's awesome. Yeah. That's good. So why don't you tackle the second one for us? Yeah. Second one is kind of, what may I Speaker 2 00:11:07 Jump to? Uh, but the screens are their world, because that's what I started thinking of. When you were talking about, when you were talking about three hours a day, you know, them looking on a phone and, and glued to that. Um, it, it's not just a phone. Uh, it's also, they're, you know, kids now have flat screen TVs in their rooms, you know, more than ever before that they're doing gaming on, uh, they're they're taking computers to school now, of course now in the pandemic, they're on computers doing, you know, if they're not in school physically, they're doing it virtually from home. If they're in school physically, they still got a computer there. And then yeah. A lot of them of course have phones. And so that was not a reality for you. And I, of course, I know you can probably relate when the first, when you and I were growing up, the first video gaming systems came out and we were like, Oh my gosh. And we had that tiny tube TV, and we hooked it up. And, but yet still that we spent maybe, maybe a couple hours there and then we were, then we were out and about outside. Now these, this generation they're in front of it a lot. Speaker 0 00:12:10 Yeah, no, that's absolutely right. I think so the, the math is three hours or on social media, that only happens on screens, right? There's not any in-person social media that's done. This is how you got three hours there, all the video game stats that you see a peak time that kids are doing that. And, uh, you know, Netflix time and all those things. And you know, here, we're still, uh, shut down and schools aren't open. So all of that is online. Uh, and it's, um, again, I, I don't want to come across as like, this is all necessarily that there aren't negatives to this, but this is just the reality that we're in is that kids are on screens, eight, 10, 12, 14 hours a day. That's just kind of where they live nowadays, because that's what you have to be on. I mean, my daughter, she's in high school, she's on in class seven hours a day on screens. Speaker 0 00:12:58 That's just the way that it is right now. So it is a challenging thing for churches to navigate. I think the thing to remember is that there's a lot of advantage of this is that these young people are, I think you could call it like they're digitally native. That is there. The screens are something that they've, they've grown up with. Uh, and you ever noticed that sometimes kids are like, I don't know about your kids, but my kids are really uncomfortable. If they have to make a phone call, like to call someone on the phone, they don't know that that's something that I think even in my generation, like at something that was a little bit uncomfortable, but my parents' generation, they are as they're totally native to the phone. Right. That was something that that's totally natural for them. And so I think screens are their natural habitat. Speaker 0 00:13:42 They are just kind of, they're used to that. And again, not arguing the merits of that. That's just the reality of what it is. And so I think for churches, what we need to be thinking about is that this idea of gathering in person I'm of the belief that that should never go away, then that's a biblical command. That's a part of what church is, is people need physical contact. And there's some reasons why we'll talk about with gen Z as we go on in this. But I think that they are very comfortable and all the research seems to show that they're very comfortable doing their services online, doing, engaging with content, engaging with sermons, engaging with worship online. That's something that they're really already pretty good at. Uh, so, um, you know, I think that that's just something that we need to be aware of as a church. And I think as much as we want to go back to having services in person online is here to stay screen services. I think that in addition to online to in-person I think doing church online as something that we probably aren't going to be doing away with anytime soon. Speaker 2 00:14:43 Yeah, no, that's good. Yeah. And you made me think of what my parents used to say. Like when electronics and computers started progressing, they were like, Oh gosh, how naturally you're picking that up. And they didn't understand. And now, you know, we see our kids just picking up these things like tech, like you said, you know, it's a little more uncomfortable actually picking up the phone to call someone. I know my daughter, who's 12 and in seventh grade who has a phone now we've had to teach her how to have a normal conversation with someone when she calls her grandparents. I'm like, just that, just talk to them like you would if they were there. But, uh, but they're natural. Like you said, they're native, they're, they're naturally just picking up these things and it's, it's, it's something that they, it's pretty fluid for them to, to adapt to and use. So it's incredible. Speaker 0 00:15:29 Yeah. Number three, let me hit that one. Uh, and we say it this way. I think you could say that generation Z is more uncertain. Um, there is less black and white, uh, to gen Z than millennials and certainly to gen Xers and boomers, uh, where we've become less and less black and white. This is the one that probably scares me the most because I am someone that struggles with that probably to a fault. I tell people all the time that I'm a recovering Pharisee and that's something that I'm a constant thing that I work out, that everything kind of naturally falls into black and white categories for me. And I have to fight that urge to, uh, to, to not see things that way. And I think gen Z, especially, uh, they are very, uh, open, uh, uh, though I read a study or I guess a report from Biola university and they put it this way. They said they have a much more flexible moral compass naturally, and so ministering and doing ministry in that kind of an environment to people that have a hard time buying into anything that is absolute truth. Everything is relative, nothing's black and white. Everything's flexible as challenging. Like there's, it's just, you have to speak a different language to people that are coming from that kind of a worldview. And I think that's something we need to be aware of. So what do you think, do you have any thoughts on that? Totally Speaker 2 00:16:52 Great. And I think you and I have been talking a lot about our kids and teenagers are on down, you know, and I think this is, this is something to note that this is for 20 somethings too. And I talked to so many pastors that want to reach the 20 somethings. We're talking about them, they're gen Z a good portion of them. And, you know, once they're an adult, you know, and they're formulating their mindset about the world, you're right. It's been, it becomes more challenging, ongoing. So I think that is a challenge, but it's also an opportunity for us to dig in and, and be able to teach, uh, teaches next generation, uh, you know, in a, in a very relevant way. Um, but it is, it's most certainly a challenge. Speaker 0 00:17:33 Yeah. I think as it's, you know, we're, we're evangelical Christians, you and I, and we raise our families that way. And, you know, we, we believe in absolute truth and we believe in scripture that it teaches what it says is true. And it's God's word and, you know, trying to, that's a whole nother battle, a whole other degree of separation. I think that we have with our culture right now when nothing is absolute, because obviously the idea that, you know, it's it's Jesus or Mohammed or Buddha or whatever, that doesn't really work. It doesn't fly. We can't, we can't ever teach that. Uh, so, uh, it certainly is a challenge, but I think for the pastors that are listening to this, um, I think just understanding that your audience comes to teaching from that perspective is really important. So don't make the assumption. I think you could make this assumption with, with boomers or even gen X-ers to some degree is that people may not believe in Jesus, but they at least know there's some kind of absolute truth. That's black and white for everybody out there. We can't make that assumption anymore. You can't go, you can't teach with that as kind of your basis and know that people agree with that because they, they really don't. They really, uh, they really think that what is true can be totally different from someone for everybody. And so that's something you just need to understand when you go into your teaching with gen Z. I think so. Yeah. Speaker 2 00:18:53 Good. Well, that's a good segue into the next point, which I'll, uh, I'll introduce here and that that's that, you know, cause we're talking about teaching them right, this next generation, they crave role models. And that's a really, this is where the opportunity comes from. We just talked about the challenge, but the opportunity is, is that they, they crave role models. And this is crazy. Check this stat out based on this is 2015 census data, there's two 22.4 million kids, 22.4 million being raised by single parent households. And so they're looking for that father figure or that role model. And I think another reason why they're looking for that role model is we're in a day and age where there's a, it's kind of hard to find those. And so, and boy are, they needed more than ever before, but that's, if they're craving that well, then that's the opportunity for the church to rise up and help them and be, be that role model that helps guide them in, in truth and in life. Speaker 0 00:19:52 Yeah. You know, what they call role models nowadays, influencers, influencers. That's what that is. So I think that that's that's the reason is that it's so important that you get this social media thing we were talking about before, because there is this deep craving for, um, for RO role models that young people have right now. And that's why there's been this rise of influencers because that's, uh, an influencer is a curated role model, right? A role model is someone that you actually get to in most cases, kind of spend some time or see a little bit about their actual life. And social media has this way of faking that a lot of ways is that you get to fake what actual life is like. Uh, but, um, I think that that's something that is so important for young people right now is that they, they have, uh, they have people at it. Speaker 0 00:20:40 And here's the temptation though, is that we get into these tribes where we think that young people only want to be young people and older people want to be with older people, but as such the opposite of the biblical model that we see of the, the young and the old really coming together hand in hand. And there's so much, I think that even gen Z, even though there's discomfort around being with people that are older or younger and different age life places than you, I think there's a deep craving for that. I know in my ministry. Um, there's like there, there's a few hurdles to get through when you're relating with someone that's at a different life stage of you. But I think when you can get past that and actually do life and share life together, I think it's so transformational because, um, I think it's actually, I'll just kind of go right into number five here. Speaker 0 00:21:26 Yeah. Is that gen Z is lonely. Like they are, they are, they're really, really lonely. So they, they crave role models that number four, but because of number five, which is that they're just the loneliest generation that we've ever seen. And I think a lot of these things, it's pretty obvious why when you stand back and you look at some of these stats that we're spending hours and hours on screens every day, we're on social media constantly and connecting with people, but only the fake versions of themselves that they're putting online. Uh, they really are. Um, they, they have fewer parent figures. They have less family relationship. They're more likely to move across the country and be separated from their actual family. So generation Z is the loneliest generation that we've ever seen in the United States, at least at something that is, uh, it's really documented in that way. So that presents a, a really important challenge, I think, for the church. And it's something that the church is really uniquely suited to help with. There's really a, um, uh, the church can, can solve that problem of loneliness better than any organization in the history of humanity. I think so. I don't know. What do you think? Speaker 2 00:22:38 Yeah, I think so. And I think that, you know, this also hits home during this whole pandemic season we've been going through, that's created more loneliness with this generation and everyone else, but, but this was going on even before the pandemic, you know, based on what we've been talking about. And it makes me think of how we've been hearing, how with this age, with this generation, um, and age range, there's been more suicides than ever before. Uh, and that that's been increasing and, and, and bullying has led to that as there's all sorts of things we can go into there. But I mean, they're a little more sensitive to these things, I think, compared to when you and I were growing up and it's a different world, of course. Um, so yeah, absolutely. They, and if the church is supposed to be, Oh, it's all about Jesus, but it's also all about community. This is the opportunity for, for us to reach them. And, and I think they're craving that and that community, um, even if they don't say it, they are, Speaker 0 00:23:33 But he had, here's the challenges that, like, I would say that gen Z is the loneliest generation, but they're the hardest to, to get them over that hurdle of getting community. Right, right. Like, so they, they, because they're so digitally native and they're so screen oriented in those things. Like they haven't, they haven't had as much like uncomfortable social interaction as you and I did. Right. Like, like, so I'll give as a for instance. So you're, you'll remember when we were kids, like, like you actually had to go up and talk to a girl, if you wanted to, you know, kind of ask her out or have a relationship where that you had to actually talk to her, you had to get up the courage to do it. You had to be that, you know, teenage boy that stumbled over your words and said, Hey, you want to go do something that doesn't happen anymore. Speaker 0 00:24:24 Nobody asks anybody out in person. Like they don't go up to people and do that. They like the boldest thing they would do is send a text when it's through messaging and that kind of stuff that had happens. It's not face-to-face, it just doesn't happen that way. And as hard as that stuff was, it gets you over a lot of your, your own insecurities when you have to do those things, when you have to go have those uncomfortable conversations. So I will say that gen Z is actually worse in my experience at dealing with conflict face-to-face because they don't have a lot of experience with a lot of this face-to-face interaction. And all that to say is this just kind of begets more loneliness when you have a hard time overcoming those hurdles. So it is a distinct challenge that the church has, but it's one that we can't abdicate. We can't just say, well, you know, that's the way it is. We are going to be lonely and that's who they are. Therefore Speaker 2 00:25:14 We can't reach them. Speaker 0 00:25:16 We have to stay in that, in that fight. And, uh, that is one of the most important ways. And I think probably the clearest way to reach people with the gospel is that once they feel like they belong to a group, they can start to, they'll start to care more about who our group belongs to, who is Jesus, obviously. So I think it's something that's really important. Speaker 2 00:25:37 Yeah. One thing I would add to that too, is that, uh, you know, in all of my dealings with, you know, the younger generation, you know, yeah. There's a little bit more, uh, things you've got to crack through as far as the surface and, and, and you gotta dig in a little bit deeper compared to you and I dealing with each other, you know, for the first time, you know, in a, in a first, with the first interaction or first impression with someone, you got to go a little bit further, but once you're in there, you're in there, they're, they're designed, they're designed to, and you kinda touched on that, but I, I think that's a good encouragement for any pastors listening saying, how do I lead this generation to Jesus? They're hungry. They really are deep down. It just takes a little bit more work and, and, and, and digging in there. So Speaker 0 00:26:20 That's good to wrap us up with number six. Speaker 2 00:26:22 So wrapping us up, they like causes, uh, another thing to try to get them involved in other than community is that this generation may be more than ever before. They, they like being a part of something bigger than themselves and in a positive cause they're growing up in a world where they're hearing more negative negativity than any other generation before them and how the world's falling apart. So therefore they're looking for a cause to be a part of. So that's another opportunity for church leaders is give them something to jump into, to be used. Speaker 0 00:26:54 Yeah. I think one of the most underrated evangelism strategies right now is to actually do outreach and causes like to do those kinds of things. Sure. It benefits the people that you're going to help, but I find that people get tied into ministries when they are able to go and serve and going to say, here's an example. So we ran a laundry love ministry at my church in Wisconsin. Uh, and we would take over two laundromats in the city once a month and provide free clothes washing for anybody that brought their clothes in and it was a need. And so it was a great ministry. Yeah, it's, it sounds really encouraging. But let me tell you, this is that we saw a handful of people whose clothes. We washed come to our church and give their lives to Jesus. Over the years, we saw dozens of people that we didn't wash their clothes, but they heard about the fact that we did this. Speaker 0 00:27:46 They started to help washing people's clothes and donated towards it. We saw dozens of those people jump in and find it, find Jesus in the midst of that because they love what we were doing. The causes that we were behind as a church that meant so much that, that they were ready to jump in and they wanted to learn more about Jesus. So I think that, um, this is something that churches really need to tap it as an evangelism strategy. It's kind of like we realized that short-term missions. Yeah. They may benefit the people that we go see in other countries, but they really benefit the people that go on those missions trips and helps them to grow. So I think that getting involved with local causes and being bigger than your four walls gen Z, is always going to really care about that and making a big impact with those things. Speaker 2 00:28:30 Yeah. I love that you hit on that because I think that, you know, the takeaway to maybe the pastor that's done things traditionally, the traditional mindset has been, we have to go minister to someone that has these needs. Like they are on hard times and need their clothes washed. Well, you know, yes, that's still a thing that you can still by blessing someone in meeting a need that shows God's love, and that leads them closer, but it takes a little bit of a different mindset in, in intentionality to, to also maybe allow people that are not following Jesus yet in this generation to come alongside and just serve and through that, you know? So I think, I think what I was trying to get out there is I think that's the takeaway for a pastor ministry leaders. You got to kind of have a little flip-flop in your mindset to say, Hey, it's not just about meeting the need. And then that brings them and let someone else meet someone else's need. And in that they also find Jesus too. Speaker 0 00:29:22 Yeah, that's exactly right. Yeah. That's good stuff. Well, good. Well, we'll leave it at that for this week. I hope that's been helpful to you guys. It's a fun conversation to have gen Z is, uh, is here. Uh, they're not up and coming. They're not, uh, they're not in your children's ministry really anymore. They're dodging your programs. Speaker 2 00:29:39 Don't just say we're trying to reach millennials anymore Speaker 0 00:29:42 Because usually you might mean gen Z actually. So anyway, but I wanted to thank our audience for listening. Uh, we appreciate you guys. And um, if this has been something that's been valuable to you or your staff there at your church, we'd love it. If you would rate, review, subscribe, and, uh, continue to connect, leave comments, we'd love to get any feedback you have for us. Uh, but if we don't hear from you first, we'll catch you next week. Speaker 1 00:30:05 Yeah. Thanks for listening to the reach right podcast. We hope this episode will help you reach people the right way, looking for more resources for your church. Check us out online at reach, right studios.com. If this episode has been helpful to you, it would mean the world to us. If you would rate, review and subscribe on iTunes or wherever you get your podcasts. Thanks again for listening. And we'll see you next week. <inaudible>.